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In the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, knowledge transfer plays a strategic role, positioned as a core resource determining the competitive capacity of enterprises through the systematic transformation of knowledge across sources. In Vietnam, while some large corporations have implemented internal knowledge management policies, most enterprises still lack full awareness of the critical importance of this pivotal activity. The study “Experiences in Knowledge Transfer of Global E-commerce Enterprises and Recommendations for Vietnam” aims to systematize the theoretical foundations of knowledge transfer and synthesize practical insights from global enterprises. It draws lessons and proposes solutions for application by Vietnamese businesses, grounded in a scientific methodology that includes secondary data collection from reputable academic sources and the application of analytical methods such as synthesis, induction, deduction, and comparison to ensure objectivity and comprehensiveness.

As a powerful force of change, artificial intelligence (AI) has changed businesses and job roles all over the world. Its impact on the labor market presents both opportunities and challenges. While AI-driven automation boosts productivity and fosters innovation, it also disrupts traditional employment models, resulting in job losses in some sectors and the emergence of new roles in others. This paper explores the complex effects of AI on the labor market, focusing on job creation, displacement, wage trends, and shifting skill demands. By incorporating recent data and academic insights, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of AI’s influence on employment patterns and its implications for the future workforce. Additionally, the study discusses how governments, businesses, and workers can effectively navigate this rapidly changing environment.

Moonlighting is an intriguing topic when it comes to human behaviour within organisations. The extensive literature on this field emphasises the relevance of this phenomenon. While abundant research in this field exists, most of them are similar in methodology and focus solely on moonlighting and its aspirational and deprivational aspects. This article aims to critically analyse the gender-based difference in moonlighting intentions and their alignment with sustainable development goals. The methodology used is qualitative literature review. There are significant differences in moonlighting patterns among males and females. The married men and unmarried women tend to moonlight more when compared to unmarried men and married women. Women’s moonlighting is often tied with informal caregiving responsibilities, leading to poverty based on both economy and time. The study explores intersection of gender and moonlighting behavior, highlighting its implications on sustainable development goals. The study states that the sustainable development goals related to gender and social inclusivity should address the challenges faced by women in the labour market for building a more equitable and sustainable economic environment.

Food safety has emerged as a paramount concern in India, where rapid urbanization, population growth, and increased demand for processed foods have created fertile ground for food adulteration and contamination. Despite having a comprehensive regulatory framework in place, particularly under the aegis of the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), multiple systemic challenges continue to undermine the effectiveness of these regulations. This research paper investigates the multifaceted issue of food adulteration in India, with a special focus on the Dakshina Kannada district, exploring both regulatory mechanisms and consumer awareness levels. It aims to evaluate the implementation of food safety standards and identify critical gaps that allow adulteration to persist in the supply chain.
The study underscores the role of the FSSAI, the apex body established under the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, tasked with regulating and supervising the manufacture, distribution, sale, and storage of food items. Although FSSAI has developed a series of stringent guidelines, its effectiveness is limited by practical barriers such as inadequate enforcement, shortage of trained personnel, under-resourced testing laboratories, and the vast unorganized food sector. Additionally, consumer behavior, often shaped by a lack of awareness and negligence in checking certifications and food labels, contributes significantly to the ongoing consumption of adulterated products.
Primary data was collected through structured surveys distributed among 100 consumers, food vendors, and regulatory officials in Dakshina Kannada. Findings revealed that 80% of respondents were aware of the term ‘food adulteration,’ yet only 50% regularly checked food labels for FSSAI certification. Alarmingly, 70% admitted to unknowingly consuming adulterated food at some point, highlighting the prevalence and public health risk of such products. Correlation analysis indicated a strong positive relationship (r = 0.78, p < 0.05) between consumer awareness and label-checking behavior, reinforcing the need for widespread educational campaigns.
Secondary data was obtained from government reports, peer-reviewed journals, and official FSSAI guidelines, offering a contextual understanding of the legal and institutional environment. Studies consistently reported that food adulteration, particularly in products like milk, spices, edible oils, and fruits, poses severe health risks ranging from gastrointestinal disorders to chronic diseases such as cancer and organ damage. Moreover, the economic repercussions include increased healthcare costs, loss of productivity, and erosion of consumer trust in the food system.
The research also delves into the challenges FSSAI faces in implementation. These include the limited availability of food inspectors (with a ratio of one officer per 100,000 citizens), delays in legal proceedings, poor coordination among enforcement agencies, and the proliferation of unlicensed food vendors. Despite technological advancements and the introduction of digital platforms like FoSCoS (Food Safety Compliance System), monitoring remains inadequate due to limited reach and infrastructure.
Consumer perception of FSSAI’s effectiveness was divided: while 60% believed that FSSAI plays a key role in regulating food safety, 25% expressed skepticism due to a lack of visible enforcement. Furthermore, many consumers, especially in rural and semi-urban areas, were found to be unaware of their rights or the mechanisms available to report food safety violations.
Based on the findings, the study proposes several policy-level and grassroots recommendations. These include enhancing the capacity of food safety departments through recruitment and training, expanding the use of mobile food testing labs, increasing community engagement through awareness drives, and mandating registration even for small-scale and street vendors. Additionally, incorporating emerging technologies such as blockchain for supply chain traceability, AI for risk prediction, and portable adulteration detection kits can drastically improve monitoring and transparency.
In conclusion, food safety in India, while governed by an elaborate legal and institutional architecture, requires a multipronged approach to address its ground-level challenges. This study affirms that without collaborative action involving consumers, regulators, manufacturers, and civil society, the objective of safe and unadulterated food remains elusive. The insights derived from the Dakshina Kannada district can serve as a microcosm for understanding broader national issues and can inform policy interventions at both state and central levels. Strengthening food safety not only protects public health but also boosts economic stability, consumer confidence, and global competitiveness in India’s food sector.